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Subjects · Leaving Cert Agricultural Science

Leaving Cert Agricultural Science: Plant structure & physiology

How often Plant structure & physiology comes up on the Agricultural Science papers, every year it was asked, and questions to try.

HL Asked on 3 of the last 5 Higher Level papers, most recently in 2025. most years

OL Asked on 2 of the last 5 Ordinary Level papers, most recently in 2024.

Plant structure & physiology, Higher Level(6 marks)

Quick ones on Plant structure & physiology.

(a)Through which structures does a leaf lose water vapour in transpiration?
  1. Xylem vessels
  2. Stomata
  3. Root hairs
(b)Which tissue carries sugars from the leaves to the roots?
  1. Cambium
  2. Xylem
  3. Phloem
(c)Which is the word equation for photosynthesis?
  1. Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen
  2. Carbon dioxide + oxygen → glucose + water
  3. Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
Show the answers

(a) Stomata

(b) Phloem

(c) Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen

Your turn: Higher Level questions on Plant structure & physiology.

Higher Level

Asked on 3 of the last 5 Higher Level papers, most recently in 2025. most years

Every paper, year by year

YearWhere it came up
2025Q12
2024Not asked
2023Not asked
2022Q11a
2021Q6a

Links open the State Examinations Commission’s paper for that year.

More Plant structure & physiology questions

Plant structure & physiology, 2 marks

Which process releases energy from glucose in every living plant cell?

  1. Photosynthesis
  2. Transpiration
  3. Respiration
Show the answer

Respiration

Respiration goes on day and night in all cells and releases energy for growth. Photosynthesis only happens in green cells in the light.

Plant structure & physiology, 3 marks

Why do stomata close during drought, and what is the cost?

  1. To speed up water loss and cooling
  2. To save water, but photosynthesis slows
  3. To take in more CO2 for growth
Show the answer

To save water, but photosynthesis slows

Closing stomata cuts water loss, but it also stops CO2 entering the leaf, so photosynthesis and growth fall in dry weather.

Ordinary Level

Asked on 2 of the last 5 Ordinary Level papers, most recently in 2024.

Every paper, year by year

YearWhere it came up
2025Not asked
2024Q9a
2023Not asked
2022Q7a, Q7b
2021Not asked

Links open the State Examinations Commission’s paper for that year.

More Plant structure & physiology questions

Plant structure & physiology, 2 marks

Water loss by evaporation from the leaves is called?

  1. Respiration
  2. Photosynthesis
  3. Transpiration
Show the answer

Transpiration

Water evaporates through the stomata. This pulls more water and dissolved minerals up from the roots through the xylem.

Plant structure & physiology, 2 marks

Which gas do plants take in for photosynthesis?

  1. Nitrogen
  2. Carbon dioxide
  3. Oxygen
Show the answer

Carbon dioxide

In chloroplasts, light energy turns carbon dioxide and water into glucose, releasing oxygen. All grass and crop growth depends on this.

Plant structure & physiology, 2 marks

Which tissue carries water up from the roots?

  1. Xylem
  2. Phloem
  3. Stomata
Show the answer

Xylem

Xylem carries water and minerals upwards. Phloem carries sugars made in the leaves to other parts, such as roots, tubers and seeds.

Other Agricultural Science topics

All of Leaving Cert Agricultural Science