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Leaving Cert Biology: Human reproduction

How often Human reproduction comes up on the Biology papers, every year it was asked, and questions to try.

HL Asked on 9 of the last 10 Higher Level papers, most recently in 2026. banker

OL Asked on 10 of the last 10 Ordinary Level papers, most recently in 2026. banker

June 2027 is the first exam on the new Biology course. These come from the 2016–2026 papers, so read them as a guide.

Human reproduction, Higher Level(6 marks)

Quick ones on Human reproduction.

(a)Hormone surge that triggers ovulation?
  1. FSH
  2. LH
  3. Progesterone
(b)Where does fertilisation normally occur?
  1. Ovary surface
  2. Uterus lining (womb)
  3. Fallopian tube
(c)Lining of the uterus?
  1. Endometrium
  2. Placenta
  3. Amnion
Show the answers

(a) LH

(b) Fallopian tube

(c) Endometrium

Your turn: Higher Level questions on Human reproduction.

Higher Level

Asked on 9 of the last 10 Higher Level papers, most recently in 2026. banker

Every paper, year by year

YearWhere it came up
2026Q15
2025Q17
2024Q16
2023Q15
2022Q17
2021Q5, Q16
2019Q13
2018Not asked
2017Q6, Q15
2016Q15

Links open the State Examinations Commission’s paper for that year.

More Human reproduction questions

Human reproduction, 2 marks

Phase of the menstrual cycle between menstruation and ovulation?

  1. Luteal phase
  2. Menopause
  3. Follicular phase
Show the answer

Follicular phase

FSH makes a follicle develop and the follicle makes oestrogen, which rebuilds the endometrium.

Human reproduction, 2 marks

Phase of the menstrual cycle after ovulation?

  1. Menstruation
  2. Luteal phase
  3. Follicular phase
Show the answer

Luteal phase

The corpus luteum makes progesterone, which keeps the endometrium thick. If no pregnancy occurs it breaks down and progesterone falls.

Human reproduction, 2 marks

Mature follicle that releases the egg at ovulation?

  1. Graafian follicle
  2. Corpus luteum
  3. Endometrium
Show the answer

Graafian follicle

The Graafian follicle bursts at ovulation after the LH surge. What is left becomes the corpus luteum.

Ordinary Level

Asked on 10 of the last 10 Ordinary Level papers, most recently in 2026. banker

Every paper, year by year

YearWhere it came up
2026Q15
2025Q15
2024Q15
2023Q14
2022Q6, Q16
2021Q17
2019Q4
2018Q4
2017Q12
2016Q14

Links open the State Examinations Commission’s paper for that year.

More Human reproduction questions

Human reproduction, 2 marks

Where are sperm produced?

  1. In the ovaries
  2. In the prostate gland
  3. In the testes
Show the answer

In the testes

The testes hang outside the body because sperm need a temperature slightly lower than body temperature.

Human reproduction, 3 marks

Where does fertilisation normally take place?

  1. In the lining of the uterus
  2. In the fallopian tube
  3. In the ovary itself
Show the answer

In the fallopian tube

The sperm meets the egg in the fallopian tube (oviduct). The fertilised egg then travels on to the uterus.

Human reproduction, 2 marks

Where does the embryo implant and develop?

  1. In the uterus
  2. In the ovary
  3. In the fallopian tube
Show the answer

In the uterus

The uterus lining thickens with blood vessels each month, ready for implantation. If no embryo implants, the lining is lost in menstruation.

Other Biology topics

All of Leaving Cert Biology