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Junior Cycle · Junior Cycle Business Studies

Junior Cycle Business Studies: National budget & economic policy

How often National budget & economic policy comes up on the Business Studies papers, every year it was asked, and questions to try.

CL Asked on 6 of the last 6 Common Level papers, most recently in 2026. banker

National budget & economic policy, Common Level(6 marks)

Quick ones on National budget & economic policy.

(a)What is the main source of revenue for the Irish Government?
  1. EU grants
  2. Taxation
  3. Lotto sales
(b)Which of these is government current expenditure?
  1. Building a new hospital
  2. Building a new motorway
  3. Paying teachers' salaries
(c)Which of these is government capital expenditure?
  1. Building new schools
  2. Paying Garda wages
  3. Paying the State pension
Show the answers

(a) Taxation

(b) Paying teachers' salaries

(c) Building new schools

Your turn: Common Level questions on National budget & economic policy.

Common Level

Asked on 6 of the last 6 Common Level papers, most recently in 2026. banker

Every paper, year by year

YearWhere it came up
2026Q9, Q15, Q16b, Q16c
2025Q16c, Q18c
2024Q4, Q13, Q18c
2023Q17c, Q18c
2022Q15
2019Q13

Links open the State Examinations Commission’s paper for that year.

More National budget & economic policy questions

National budget & economic policy, 3 marks

Why might the government give a subsidy to bus companies?

  1. To raise more tax revenue for itself
  2. To increase traffic in cities
  3. To keep fares low and cut car use
Show the answer

To keep fares low and cut car use

A subsidy is a payment that lowers a producer's costs. Cheaper public transport helps people on low incomes and reduces traffic and emissions.

National budget & economic policy, 3 marks

Which is an example of non-tax revenue for the government?

  1. Excise duty charged on petrol and diesel
  2. Dividends from State companies
  3. Value Added Tax on purchases
Show the answer

Dividends from State companies

As well as taxes, the government earns dividends from semi-State firms and fees and charges, and it can borrow. VAT and excise duty are both taxes.

National budget & economic policy, 3 marks

A country has a housing shortage. Which government action could increase the supply of homes?

  1. Funding more social housing
  2. Raising VAT on new homes
  3. Banning new apartments
Show the answer

Funding more social housing

The State can build or fund social and affordable homes, speed up planning or give incentives to builders. Higher taxes or bans would discourage building.

Other Business Studies topics

All of Junior Cycle Business Studies