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Subjects · Leaving Certificate

Leaving Cert Physics & Chemistry

What has come up on the Physics & Chemistry papers (2016–2025), topic by topic, with step-by-step practice at Higher Level and Ordinary Level.

Higher Level Ordinary Level

Physics & Chemistry, Higher Level(6 marks)

Three quick ones from the Physics & Chemistry topics that come up most.

(a)According to Brønsted–Lowry theory, an acid is a…
  1. Proton acceptor
  2. Proton donor
  3. Hydroxide ion donor
(b)Functional group of the alcohols?
  1. Carboxyl, –COOH
  2. Carbonyl, C=O
  3. Hydroxyl, –OH
(c)Isotopes are atoms of the same element with…
  1. The same atomic number but different mass numbers
  2. The same neutron number, different proton numbers
  3. The same mass number but different atomic numbers
Show the answers

(a) Proton donor

(b) Hydroxyl, –OH

(c) The same atomic number but different mass numbers

Your turn: pick the answer for each one.

Higher Level

400 flash cards and 240 step-by-step drill questions at Higher Level.

What comes up

How many of the last 9 Physics & Chemistry Higher Level papers asked each topic.

TopicAskedLast seenHow often
Hydrocarbons banker9 of 92025
Energy levels & orbitals banker9 of 92025
Newton's laws & momentum banker9 of 92025
Atomic structure banker9 of 92025
Heats of reaction & Hess's law banker9 of 92025
Temperature & thermometers banker9 of 92025
Alcohols, aldehydes & ketones banker9 of 92025
Bonding & electronegativity banker9 of 92025
Electrostatics & capacitance banker9 of 92025
Formulas & equations banker9 of 92025
Acids, bases & pH banker9 of 92025
Crystals & intermolecular forces banker9 of 92025
Induction & transformers banker9 of 92025
Linear motion banker9 of 92025

More topics: Moles & reacting quantities, Periodic table & ionisation energy, Current & resistance, Gas laws, Mirrors & lenses, Radioactivity, Waves, interference & diffraction, Work & energy, Hydrogen, oxygen & their compounds, Nuclear energy, Kinetic theory, Redox & electrochemical series, Shapes of molecules, Electrolysis & Faraday's laws, Volumetric analysis, Heating effect & electric power, Refraction, Gravity, EM spectrum & photoelectric effect, Magnetic fields & the motor effect, Carboxylic acids & esters.

Try three

Newton's laws & momentum, 3 marks

2 kg at 5 m s⁻¹ hits 3 kg moving towards it at 2 m s⁻¹. They stick together. Common velocity?

  1. 3.2 m s⁻¹
  2. 2 m s⁻¹
  3. 0.8 m s⁻¹
Show the answer

0.8 m s⁻¹

Take the 2 kg direction as positive: 2(5) + 3(−2) = 4 kg m s⁻¹. v = 4/5 = 0.8 m s⁻¹. Adding the momenta (16/5) ignores direction.

Gas laws, 3 marks

2 L of gas at 100 kPa and 300 K is changed to 200 kPa and 600 K. New volume?

  1. 4 L
  2. 2 L
  3. 1 L
Show the answer

2 L

V₂ = V₁ × (p₁/p₂) × (T₂/T₁) = 2 × ½ × 2 = 2 L. Doubling the pressure halves V; doubling the kelvin temperature doubles it. The effects cancel.

Volumetric analysis, 3 marks

20 cm³ of 0.1 M H2SO4 exactly neutralises 25 cm³ of NaOH solution. Molarity of the NaOH?

  1. 0.16 M
  2. 0.08 M
  3. 0.04 M
Show the answer

0.16 M

H2SO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2H2O. Acid = 0.020 × 0.1 = 0.002 mol, so NaOH = 0.004 mol in 0.025 L = 0.16 M. Ignoring the 1 : 2 ratio gives 0.08 M.

Practise Physics & Chemistry HL free

Ordinary Level

300 flash cards and 150 step-by-step drill questions at Ordinary Level.

What comes up

How many of the last 9 Physics & Chemistry Ordinary Level papers asked each topic.

TopicAskedLast seenHow often
Electrostatics & capacitance banker9 of 92025
Newton's laws & momentum banker9 of 92025
Hydrogen, oxygen & their compounds banker9 of 92025
Periodic table & ionisation energy banker9 of 92025
Hydrocarbons banker9 of 92025
Mirrors & lenses banker9 of 92025
Waves, interference & diffraction banker9 of 92025
Formulas & equations banker9 of 92025
Heating effect & electric power banker9 of 92025
Linear motion banker9 of 92025
Radioactivity banker9 of 92025
Bonding & electronegativity banker9 of 92025
EM spectrum & photoelectric effect banker9 of 92025
Energy levels & orbitals banker9 of 92025

More topics: Heats of reaction & Hess's law, Work & energy, Atomic structure, Moles & reacting quantities, Temperature & thermometers, Acids, bases & pH, Current & resistance, Kinetic theory, Volumetric analysis, Electrolysis & Faraday's laws, Crystals & intermolecular forces, Gas laws, Nuclear energy, Induction & transformers, Alcohols, aldehydes & ketones, Redox & electrochemical series, Magnetic fields & the motor effect, Shapes of molecules, Refraction, Carboxylic acids & esters, Gravity.

Try three

Volumetric analysis, 3 marks

0.5 mol of solute is dissolved to make 250 cm3 of solution. Concentration?

  1. 0.125 mol/L
  2. 125 mol/L
  3. 2 mol/L
Show the answer

2 mol/L

250 cm3 = 0.25 L. Concentration = moles ÷ litres = 0.5 ÷ 0.25 = 2 mol/L.

Moles & reacting quantities, 3 marks

2H2 + O2 → 2H2O. How many moles of water form from 3 mol of hydrogen?

  1. 1.5
  2. 3
  3. 6
Show the answer

3

The ratio H2 : H2O is 2 : 2, which is 1 : 1. So 3 mol of hydrogen gives 3 mol of water (using 1.5 mol of oxygen).

Heats of reaction & Hess's law, 3 marks

A → B has ΔH = −100 kJ and B → C has ΔH = +30 kJ. ΔH for A → C?

  1. −70 kJ
  2. −130 kJ
  3. +70 kJ
Show the answer

−70 kJ

Hess's law: add the steps, keeping the signs. −100 + 30 = −70 kJ. The overall heat change is the same whatever route is taken.

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