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Subjects · Leaving Cert Home Economics

Leaving Cert Home Economics: Milk and dairy

How often Milk and dairy comes up on the Home Economics papers, every year it was asked, and questions to try.

HL Asked on 5 of the last 10 Higher Level papers, most recently in 2026.

OL Asked on 6 of the last 10 Ordinary Level papers, most recently in 2026. most years

Milk and dairy, Higher Level(9 marks)

Quick ones on Milk and dairy.

(a)Main protein in milk?
  1. Ovalbumin
  2. Caseinogen
  3. Myoglobin
(b)Nutrient that milk is very low in?
  1. Riboflavin
  2. Calcium
  3. Iron
(c)Heat treatment that holds milk at 72 degrees Celsius for 15 seconds?
  1. Pasteurisation
  2. Homogenisation
  3. Sterilisation
Show the answers

(a) Caseinogen

(b) Iron

(c) Pasteurisation

Your turn: Higher Level questions on Milk and dairy.

Higher Level

Asked on 5 of the last 10 Higher Level papers, most recently in 2026.

Every paper, year by year

YearWhere it came up
2026A5
2025Q2
2024A6, Q3
2023Not asked
2022Not asked
2021C4
2019Not asked
2018Not asked
2017A8, Q2
2016Not asked

Links open the State Examinations Commission’s paper for that year.

More Milk and dairy questions

Milk and dairy, 2 marks

Main difference between hard and soft cheese?

  1. Hard cheese is always made from goat's milk
  2. Soft cheese is always matured for years before sale
  3. Hard cheese has less moisture and keeps longer
Show the answer

Hard cheese has less moisture and keeps longer

Hard cheeses such as cheddar are pressed and matured, so they are drier. Soft cheeses are moist and spoil faster.

Milk and dairy, 3 marks

Why does a skin form on heated milk?

  1. Fat globules freeze and form a skin
  2. Lactalbumin coagulates and forms a skin
  3. Lactose caramelises and forms a skin
Show the answer

Lactalbumin coagulates and forms a skin

Heat sets the whey proteins at the surface. Stirring or covering the pan reduces the skin.

Ordinary Level

Asked on 6 of the last 10 Ordinary Level papers, most recently in 2026. most years

Every paper, year by year

YearWhere it came up
2026Q2
2025A7, C4
2024C4
2023Not asked
2022Q1
2021Not asked
2019Q3
2018Not asked
2017Not asked
2016A6

Links open the State Examinations Commission’s paper for that year.

More Milk and dairy questions

Milk and dairy, 2 marks

Which mineral is milk a rich source of?

  1. Iron
  2. Fluorine
  3. Calcium
Show the answer

Calcium

Milk is the easiest way to get calcium, and it also supplies protein, vitamin B2 and the milk sugar lactose.

Milk and dairy, 3 marks

Name the main protein found in milk.

  1. Collagen
  2. Casein
  3. Gluten
Show the answer

Casein

Casein is the protein that clots to form curds, which is the first step in making cheese.

Milk and dairy, 2 marks

Which heat treatment makes milk safe by killing harmful bacteria?

  1. Pasteurisation
  2. Homogenisation
  3. Evaporation
Show the answer

Pasteurisation

Pasteurisation heats milk just enough to kill harmful bacteria while keeping the flavour close to fresh milk.

Other Home Economics topics

All of Leaving Cert Home Economics